{"id":37357,"date":"2023-05-30T10:46:36","date_gmt":"2023-05-30T08:46:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oecd-opsi.org\/?p=37357"},"modified":"2023-05-30T10:46:39","modified_gmt":"2023-05-30T08:46:39","slug":"chile-algorithmic-transparency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oecd-opsi.org\/blog\/chile-algorithmic-transparency\/","title":{"rendered":"Chile&#8217;s road to algorithmic transparency: Setting new standards in Latin America"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-opsi-tabs opsi-tabs alignfull\"><div class=\"container\"><h2 class=\"opsi-section__h\"><\/h2><ul id=\"opsi-tabs__headers\"><\/ul><div class=\"opsi-tabs__items\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-opsi-tabs-item opsi-tabs-item\" data-id=\"english\"><h3 class=\"opsi-tabs-item__h\">English<\/h3><div class=\"opsi-tabs-item__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To what extent are our lives being impacted by automated decisions? How are those decisions being made? How do algorithms work and based on what data do they work? And how is that information being managed? Questions perhaps once reserved for those who develop technological solutions, are now in our daily conversations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The pace of the advance of artificial intelligence and automated systems in general and the breadth of opportunities they offer us to address social problems, means that their development has not gone hand in hand with the necessary ethical reflection on the undesired impacts they could have on the population. This is particularly critical when we are talking about services provided by the State. On that basis, the Chilean Universidad Adolfo Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez (UAI) and the Council for Transparency (CPLT) decided to work together to generate a standard of algorithmic transparency for the public administration of the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This path began in 2021, when the CPLT and the UAI, through GobLab, the public innovation laboratory of the School of Government, conducted <a href=\"https:\/\/goblab.uai.cl\/transparencia-algoritmica-en-el-sector-publico-2\/\">an investigation<\/a> on how many Chilean state agencies were using algorithms in their decision-making systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Through this process we generated a first registry that included, for example, neural networks that analyze the legality of medical licenses to detect possible fraud, algorithms that are used to schedule a meeting at the immigration office or to assign subsidies, and the School Admission System that enrolls students according to selection criteria such as geographic proximity or if the student has a sibling in the establishment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This review revealed that there is an intensive use of personal data in the State and that there are great asymmetries in the levels of transparency offered to citizens regarding who, how and when these technologies are being used in the country&#8217;s public agencies. Thus, there is a need to move forward to solve these gaps and ensure adequate transparency when public management is supported by algorithms that directly impact the population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2022 we deepened our alliance and the CPLT joined the <a href=\"https:\/\/goblab.uai.cl\/en\/ethical-algorithms\/\">Ethical, Responsible and Transparent Algorithms project<\/a>, an initiative led by the UAI and funded by IDB Lab, the IDB Group&#8217;s innovation laboratory. Through this initiative we are developing a General Instruction (GI) of Algorithmic Transparency, a regulation that will be published during 2023 and will make Chile the first country in the region to have a guideline of this type.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The general instruction will mandate more than a thousand public agencies to report the algorithms they use to serve the population, as a further obligation of active transparency. Mandated algorithmic transparency will include the:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Identification of the algorithmic systems used, including their name, internal identifier, ownership of the rights to the system, name and link of the provider and version with date.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Services, programmes, benefits or State programmes that use the algorithm, including name of the service and its description, link, name and identifier of the associated automated system, name of the unit that uses the system, query channel, link to website containing further information on the service and the regulation that established it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aspects of algorithm operation, such as name and identifier, objective description of its operating logic, whether and what personal data it uses, whether it profiles or categorises people and, if so, what profiles or categories it draws upon, as well as whether there is a complaint channel, among other aspects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this way, the <a href=\"https:\/\/goblab.uai.cl\/en\/uai-y-cplt-lideran-piloto-en-organismos-publicos-para-primera-normativa-sobre-transparencia-algoritmica-de-america-latina\/\">General Instruction on Algorithmic Transparency<\/a> will allow people to know, for example, whether the delivery of a certain subsidy or benefit is supported by the decision-making of an algorithmic model and, if so, which one, the logic behind its decisi\u00f3n-making, and &nbsp;basic aspects related to the origin of these systems. Furthermore, it ensures that this information is easily available and in clear language accessible for non-specialists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For both the UAI and the CPLT, it was essential that the development process of the General Instruction is participatory and allow spaces for different actors to get involved. Both public institutions \u2013 that will have to report on their algorithms \u2013 and civil society actors \u2013 that may need access to such information \u2013 participated in working groups and a pilot to test the applicability of the future regulation. The results and lessons learned in these stages have already been analysed to make adjustments to the proposal, taking into account, on the one hand, the difficulties of collecting and making information publicly availableand, on the other hand, the observations of users when reviewing what has been published and analysing its usefulness and ease of access. The next step will be to carry out a public consultation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We are aware that this is a first step in a long and complex transition towards the responsible use of data when automated systems, as in artificial intelligence, are used. &nbsp;At the same time, we hope that this joint work can serve as a model beyond our borders and help to define, from Chile, a global path.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>This guest blog is inspired by the <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/oecd-opsi.org\/publications\/trends-2023\/\"><em>Global Trends in Government Innovation 2023<\/em><\/a><em> report from the OECD and <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mbrcgi.gov.ae\/en\"><em>MBRCGI<\/em><\/a><em>. The report presents four major trends in government innovation for 2023, including Trend 1 on new forms of accountability for a new era of government. Through this blog series, we hope to provide a deeper understanding of the current state and future direction of government innovation, and generate conversations about how governments can continue to improve and innovate in the years ahead.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-opsi-tabs-item opsi-tabs-item\" data-id=\"espanol\"><h3 class=\"opsi-tabs-item__h\">Espa\u00f1ol<\/h3><div class=\"opsi-tabs-item__content\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El camino de Chile hacia la transparencia algor\u00edtmica: Estableciendo nuevos est\u00e1ndares en Am\u00e9rica Latina<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00bfHasta qu\u00e9 punto nuestras vidas est\u00e1n siendo impactadas por decisiones automatizadas? \u00bfC\u00f3mo se toman esas decisiones? \u00bfC\u00f3mo funcionan sus algoritmos y con base a qu\u00e9 datos trabajan?&nbsp; \u00bfY c\u00f3mo est\u00e1 siendo administrada esa informaci\u00f3n? Preguntas quiz\u00e1s antes reservadas para quienes desarrollan soluciones tecnol\u00f3gicas, hoy est\u00e1n en las conversaciones cotidianas de todos nosotros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Y es que el avance de la inteligencia artificial y sistemas automatizados en general es tan r\u00e1pido y las oportunidades que nos ofrecen para abordar problemas sociales son tan amplias, que su desarrollo no ha alcanzado a ir de la mano de una necesaria reflexi\u00f3n \u00e9tica sobre los impactos indeseados que podr\u00edan tener en la poblaci\u00f3n. Esto es particularmente cr\u00edtico cuando estamos hablando de servicios que provee el Estado, y por eso en Chile desde la <strong>Universidad Adolfo Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez<\/strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uai.cl\/\">UAI<\/a>) y el <strong>Consejo para la Transparencia<\/strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.consejotransparencia.cl\/\">CPLT<\/a>) decidimos trabajar en conjunto para generar un est\u00e1ndar de transparencia algor\u00edtmica para la administraci\u00f3n p\u00fablica de nuestro pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Este camino comenz\u00f3 el a\u00f1o 2021 cuando el CPLT y la UAI, a trav\u00e9s del GobLab, el laboratorio de innovaci\u00f3n p\u00fablica de la Escuela de Gobierno, realizaron <a href=\"https:\/\/goblab.uai.cl\/transparencia-algoritmica-en-el-sector-publico-2\/\">una investigaci\u00f3n<\/a> sobre cu\u00e1ntos organismos del Estado chileno estaban usando algoritmos en sus sistemas de toma de decisi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A trav\u00e9s de este proceso generamos un primer catastro que incluy\u00f3, por ejemplo, redes neuronales que analizan la legalidad de licencias m\u00e9dicas para detectar posibles fraudes, algoritmos que se usan para reservar horas en las oficinas de extranjer\u00eda o para asignar subsidios, y el Sistema de Admisi\u00f3n Escolar que asigna cupos en escuelas de acuerdo a criterios de selecci\u00f3n como cercan\u00eda geogr\u00e1fica o si el estudiante tiene un hermano en el establecimiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esta revisi\u00f3n revel\u00f3 que se hace un uso intensivo de datos personales en el Estado y que existen grandes asimetr\u00edas en los niveles de transparencia que se ofrecen a la ciudadan\u00eda respecto de qui\u00e9n, c\u00f3mo y cu\u00e1ndo se usan estas tecnolog\u00edas en las reparticiones p\u00fablicas del pa\u00eds. As\u00ed, se hizo palpable la necesidad de avanzar para solucionar estas brechas y velar por una adecuada transparencia cuando la gesti\u00f3n p\u00fablica es apoyada por algoritmos que impactan directamente a la poblaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 2022 profundizamos nuestra alianza y el CPLT se uni\u00f3 al proyecto <a href=\"https:\/\/goblab.uai.cl\/algoritmos-eticos\/\">Algoritmos \u00c9ticos, Responsables y Transparentes<\/a>, iniciativa que lidera la UAI y cuenta con financiamiento de BID Lab, el laboratorio de innovaci\u00f3n del Grupo BID. A trav\u00e9s de esta instancia estamos desarrollando una <a href=\"https:\/\/goblab.uai.cl\/uai-y-cplt-lideran-piloto-en-organismos-publicos-para-primera-normativa-sobre-transparencia-algoritmica-de-america-latina\/\">Instrucci\u00f3n General (IG) de Transparencia Algor\u00edtmica<\/a>, normativa que ser\u00e1 publicada durante 2023 y convertir\u00e1 a Chile en el primer pa\u00eds de la regi\u00f3n en contar con una directriz de este tipo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La IG va a mandatar a m\u00e1s de mil organismos p\u00fablicos a informar los algoritmos que usan para atender a la poblaci\u00f3n, como una obligaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s de transparencia activa, transparentando los siguientes aspectos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Identificaci\u00f3n de los sistemas algor\u00edtmicos utilizados, lo que incluye su nombre, identificador interno, titularidad de los derechos del sistema, nombre y enlace del proveedor y versi\u00f3n con fecha.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Servicios, programas, beneficios o programas del Estado que usan el algoritmo, incluyendo nombre del servicio y su descripci\u00f3n, enlace, nombre e identificador del sistema automatizado asociado, nombre de la unidad que usa el sistema, canal de consultas, enlace a sitio web que contenga mayor informaci\u00f3n del servicio y la normativa que lo establece.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aspectos de funcionamiento del algoritmo, como nombre e identificador, objetivo descripci\u00f3n de su l\u00f3gica de operaci\u00f3n, si utiliza datos personales y de qu\u00e9 categor\u00edas, si el perfila o categoriza a las personas y cu\u00e1les son los perfiles o categor\u00edas existentes, si existe una v\u00eda de reclamaci\u00f3n, entre otros aspectos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De esta manera la Instrucci\u00f3n General de Transparencia Algor\u00edtmica permitir\u00e1 que las personas puedan saber, por ejemplo, si en la entrega de un determinado subsidio o beneficio hay un modelo algor\u00edtmico apoyando la toma de decisiones, cu\u00e1l y c\u00f3mo decide, adem\u00e1s de otros aspectos b\u00e1sicos relacionados con el origen de estos sistemas, y que esta informaci\u00f3n est\u00e9 f\u00e1cilmente disponible y en un lenguaje claro accesible para personas no especializadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tanto para la UAI como para el CPLT era fundamental que el proceso de desarrollo de la Instrucci\u00f3n General fuera participativo y permitiera espacios para que distintos actores pudieran involucrarse. Es por esto que tanto instituciones p\u00fablicas que deber\u00e1n informar sobre sus algoritmos como actores de la sociedad civil que podr\u00edan necesitar acceder a dicha informaci\u00f3n participaron en mesas de trabajo y un piloto de la futura normativa, para probar su aplicabilidad. Los resultados y aprendizajes obtenidos en dichas etapas ya fueron analizados para hacer ajustes a la propuesta, recogiendo por una parte las dificultades detectadas para recolectar y poner la informaci\u00f3n a disposici\u00f3n de la ciudadan\u00eda y, por otra, las observaciones de usuarios al revisar lo publicado y analizar su utilidad y facilidad de acceso. El pr\u00f3ximo paso ser\u00e1 la realizaci\u00f3n de una consulta p\u00fablica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estamos conscientes de que este es un primer paso de un largo y complejo tr\u00e1nsito hacia el uso responsable de los datos cuando se utilizan sistemas automatizados, como en inteligencia artificial, pero al mismo tiempo aspiramos a que este trabajo mancomunado pueda servir de modelo m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de nuestras fronteras y ayude a definir, desde Chile, un camino global.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Este blog invitado est\u00e1 inspirado en el informe <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/oecd-opsi.org\/publications\/trends-2023\/\"><em>Tendencias Globales en Innovaci\u00f3n Gubernamental 2023<\/em><\/a><em> de la OCDE y <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mbrcgi.gov.ae\/en\"><em>MBRCGI<\/em><\/a><em>. El informe presenta cuatro tendencias principales en innovaci\u00f3n gubernamental para el a\u00f1o 2023, incluida la Tendencia 1 sobre nuevas formas de rendici\u00f3n de cuentas para una nueva era de gobierno. A trav\u00e9s de esta serie de blogs, esperamos brindar una comprensi\u00f3n m\u00e1s profunda del estado actual y la direcci\u00f3n futura de la innovaci\u00f3n gubernamental, y generar conversaciones sobre c\u00f3mo los gobiernos pueden continuar mejorando e innovando en los a\u00f1os venideros.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":13677,"featured_media":37413,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[105,100],"tags":[],"global":[11151,4510],"coauthors":[11847,11848],"class_list":["post-37357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-emerging-tech","category-global-trends","global-ai","global-global-trends"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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